THE HEALTH WOMEN?S AND ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION

This research aims to determine the health women?s on environmental sanitation at Muara Angke, North Jakarta, Indonesia. Inadequate urban sanitation disproportionately impacts the women?s health in informal settlements or slums. The impacts on women?s health include infectious and chronic illnesses, violence, food contamination and malnutrition, economic and educational attainment, and indignity. We used household survey data to report on self-rated health and sociodemographic, housing, and infrastructure conditions. We combined quantitative survey with qualitative focus group information to better understand the relationships between environmental sanitation and the women and girls? health in Muara Angke, North Jakarta, Indonesia. We find that an average of eighty-five households in Muara Angke share one toilet, only 15% of households have access to a private toilet, and the average distance to a public toilet is over 52 meters. Eighty-three percent of households without a private toilet report poor health. Muara Angke women report violence (69%), respiratory illness/cough (46%), diabetes (32%), and diarrhea (29%) as the most frequent physical burdens. Inadequate, unsafe, and unhygienic sanitation results in multiple and overlapping health, economic, and social impacts that disproportionately impact women and girls living in urban informal settlements.