Management and particular ultrasonographic finding in childhood acute scrotal swelling and pain associated with Henoch-Schönlein purpura: A case report and review of the literature

Henoch–Schönlein purpura (HSP), also known as immunoglobulin A (IgA) vasculitis, is a systemic vasculitis of unknown cause, mostly affecting children, in which complexes of IgA and components of complement are deposited on arterioles, capillaries, and venules. It is characterized by nonthrombocytopenic palpable purpura, abdominal pain, and arthritis. While renal involvement is well-known and frequent, scrotal involvement is uncommon and, therefore, not easy to be interpreted. Here, we report a case of a 3-year-old boy hospitalized for HSP, presenting with bilateral acute scrotum, and discuss diagnosis and treatment.