CURRENT PRACTICES OF RISKS, PREVENTION & PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

Based on the adverse pregnancy outcome study, new universal screening recommendations and cutoffs for gestational diabetes [GDM] have been proposed. In addition to the immediate perinatal risk,GDM carries an increased risk of metabolic disease in mother and child. The negative impact of the gestational diabetes on the maternal and fetal health is well known and this impact is closely related to gestational age at which the diagnosis is made. Therefore, the use of therapeutic options able to prevent or delay the gestational diabetes occurrence has a positive impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Poorly controlled GDM results in maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.Improved outcomes, therefore on early diagnosis and prevention of tight glycaemic control. While straightforward protocols exist for screening and management of diabetes mellitus in the general population, management of GDM remains controversial with conflicting guidelines and treatment protocols. This review highlights the prevention, detecting and management options for GDM in light of recent advances in care