Legal Politics of Mineral and Coal Mining Permission Regulation in Protection Forest Area that Lies on the Conservation and Sustainable Principles in Indonesia

Forest in its juridical conception formulated on article 1 paragraph (1) Law number 41 year 1999 on Forestry, “Forestry means a system of management pertaining to forests, forest area, forest products to be undertaken in an integrated way”. As an ecosystem, Indonesia forest not only consists of natural resources like wood, but also it consists of non wood resources such as flora and fauna. Amazingly, in some part of the forest area, there are many high valuable mining material, and with this kind of various mining material and various volume in many area in the forest, has place forest in a strategic position in national development context. In its development, there is national development demand, where forest area not only use as forestry sector development, but it also uses for other forestry sector, such as mineral and coal mining