Experiments of the Propagation through Forest at GSM Frequencies (2G-3G-4G)

The increasing demand of clear communication in any situation and in any environment leads people to find a better way to communicate. Since the presence of tree canopies can affect the ability of a GSM signals through its way, one of the hardest environment is forested areas. In order to find a better way to communicate, the propagation features of the environment should be known.This study investigates the attenuation characteristics of GSM (2G, 3G and 4G) frequencies in the forest. Some theoretical models from literature were studied and simulated. The electrical field of the transmitted signal was measured in Sakarya. Due to weather and seasonal conditions, experiment was re-modeled with the trees with small, thin trunk and high amount of leaves. Finally, the literature data and experimental data were compared and discussed.