Effect of diabetes on renal function parameters in tertiary care hospital

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most common non-communicable diseases among all in today's era. The influence of raised blood glucose levels in Diabetes mellitus on kidney is a matter of concern for the medical fraternity throughout the world. Hyperglycemia exerts a detrimental effect on a number of major organ systems especially kidney. The renal function parameters i.e. blood urea and serum creatinine levels are a valuable tool in the determination of renal function. Aim and objectives: To investigate the impact of diabetes on renal function in different age groups. Material and methods: This study was conducted with 100 diabetic patients coming to the outpatient clinic from January 2017 to December 2017 in the Department of Medicine of the Hind Institute of Medical Sciences. Blood samples were collected and estimated for blood glucose levels, blood urea levels and serum creatinine levels. All the data was collected and analyzed statistically. Results: Out of total 100 patients 46 were found in first (140-200 mg/dl) and 39 in second (200-280 mg/dl) category. In both categories concentration of urea hadn't shown significant fluctuation from their normal range unlike creatinine which shows abnormal results. In the third category (260 – 390 mg /dl), all 15 samples were found with raised level of urea and creatinine. Conclusion: From this study, we can conclude that deflection in urea and creatinine level from their normal range indicates reduction in kidney function in diabetic patients. The measurement of urea and creatinine levels allows early identification of patients with prerenal problems.