Study of anemic pattern in women of reproductive age group and elderly persons in and around Mahabubnagar, Telangana State

Introduction: Anemia leads to loss in physical function, affecting quality of life and has substantial social and economic effects. Anemia is a sign, not a diagnosis, an evaluation is almost always warranted to identify the underlying cause. Objectives: Anemia in women of reproductive group can lead to maternal and child mortality and in elderly there is greater risk of co-morbidities, impaired functional status and greater risk of death. The objective of this study is to calculate the prevalence of anemia and pattern of anemia in this age groups. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was undertaken at SVS Medical College and Hospital Mahabubnagar. Women of reproductive age group (16-44 years) and elderly (>60 years) were studied. Laboratory investigations like hemoglobin estimation by Cyanmethhemoglobin method, hematocrit (packed cell volume) and peripheral smear examination was done along with other tests as felt necessary to fix the pattern. Results: Microcytic hypochromic anemia accounting for 81% in women of reproductive age group and 44% in elderly followed by normocytic normochromic anemia accounting for 10% and 19% respectively. Iron deficiency anemia accounted for 69% in women of reproductive age group and 48% in elderly followed by anemia of chronic disease accounting for 12% and 38% respectively. Conclusion: Confirming the type of anemia is critical to direct the investigation for profiling the etiology since it is well known that the treatment of anemia goes a long way in improving the overall outcome and quality of life.