Surveying the Role of the Executive Officers in Enforcement of public and citizenship rights

The judicial authorities, as the executive arm of the judiciary, play an important and significant role in achieving the criminal justice and an even closer approach to the effective and desirable criminal justice system. Based on this fact, in order to systematize and legal control combined with the authority of the criminal law and other regulations, various criminal systems have made extensive efforts to determine the status of the cases as well as the limits of the authority of the judiciary. According to Article 28 of the Criminal law, approved in 2013, judicial authorities are officers, who take action in detecting crime, preserving signs, collecting evidence of crime, recognizing accused people and preventing them from escaping and hiding, preliminary investigations, issuing bonds and the execution of judicial decisions according to this law under the supervision of the prosecutor. The aim of this research is to provide a full explanation of the legal duties and authorities of law in Iran for judicial authorities, especially the judiciary, as well as the impact of the activities in protection of the public and the citizenship rights of the accused ones and a source in this regard so that the basic concepts and rights of the defendants to the judiciary were introduced to the readers.