Wolfram syndrome: A case report

Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is a rare disease inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Type I diabetes mellitus and optic atrophy are the main symptoms of the disease. It is also known as DIDMOAD syndrome due to the association of diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness. WFS may be associated with other disorders such as kidney failure, gonadal atrophy, and mental and behavioral disorders. This report is about a 14-year-old teenager who had suffered from vision loss and cataracts when he was 4 years old. At the age of 7 he has been diagnosed with type I diabetes mellitus due to polyuria and polydipsia. At the age of 12 he developed diabetes insipidus, neural hearing loss, urinary incontinence and bilateral hydronephrosis, neurogenic bladder, and increased blood pressure. Physicians should think of this disease and recommend genetic counselling before marriage.