Evaluating mechanical ventilation in patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Even though acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been intensively and continuously studied in various settings, its mortality remains high. Mechanical ventilation is an essential component of the care of patients with ARDS. Thus, many randomized controlled clinical trials have been conducted, evaluating the efficacy and safety of various methods of mechanical ventilation in order to adapt ventilatory setting to protect patients from ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) and to treat them effectively. There is no well-stated practical guideline for mechanically ventilated patients with or without ARDS. However, as general measures low tidal volume, high positive end-expiratory pressure, and conservative fluid therapy seem to improve outcomes. In conclusion, improving knowledge and evidence regarding the management of mechanically ventilated ARDS patients is critical. Thus, medical personnel managing patients with ARDS should personalize decisions for their patients.