Cardiovascular biomarkers and obesity: interact with risk stratification?

Obesity remains a leading cause of cardiovascular (CV) events and diabetes worldwide. Although there are at least two main body-size phenotypes (metabolically healthy and metabolically non-healthy) of individuals with established obesity, cardiac and metabolic risks amongst these patients' populations extremely distinguishes. The editorial is discussed the controversies regarding obese paradox and the probabilities to stratify the patients with established obesity in cardiac and metabolic risks. It is suggested that the biomarkers could predict CV events in patients depending on obese phenotypes. The role of metabolic biomarkers, progenitor endothelial cells, natriuretic peptides, inflammatory cytokines and galectin-3 are discussed