Ultrasound Diagnosis in Assessment of Structures and Functional Disorders in Distal Gastric Cancer

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic possibilities of transabdominal ultrasonography for evaluation of severity of structures and functional disorders in distal gastric cancer (DGC). Materials and Methods: An analysis of transabdominal ultrasonography of 48 patients with distal gastric carcinoma was performed. 29 (60,4%) cases were males (mean age 61.9 years) and 19 (39,6%) females (mean age 58.2 years). All patients were on surgical treatment. All patients underwent preoperative X-ray, virtual gastroscopy techniques, multidetector computed tomography and transabdominal ultrasonography (USG). Results: Histologically, in 45 (93,8%) cases adenocarcinoma, in 3 (6,2%) – ring-cell carcinoma (cricoidal) gastric cancer was established. Ulcerating infiltrating forms in 35 (72,9%) cases and diffusely infiltrating – in 13 (27,1%) cases was diagnosed. The stage of T2 – in 6 (12,5%) cases, the stage of T3 – in 23 (47,9%) cases and the stage of T4 – in 19 (39,6%) cases were identified. In 41 (85.4%) cases, pyloric stenos was diagnosed - of them in 9 (22.0%) it was compensated, in 24 (58.5%) - sub compensated and in 8 (19.5%) - decompensated. Conclusions: 1. The expansion of the depth and extent of tumor infiltration is accompanied by an increase in the severity of pyloric stenosis. 2. At the compensation stage, the evacuation rate, the amplitude of peristalsis, the volume of stomach contents on an empty stomach increases to 50 ml. 3. During decompensation, the stomach volume of fasting is more than 120ml, the amplitude of peristalsis and the rate of evacuation decrease sharply. 4. The use of the color Doppler method in the upright position of the patient immediately after taking the liquid made it possible to visualize the pylorus as a colored tubular structure.