ANALYSIS OF DENTOALVEOLAR DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH PARTIAL SECONDARY ADENTITIES AND PATIENTS WITHOUT VIOLATION OF DENTAL INTEGRITY

Aim of the study. The study of dentoalveolar disorders in patients with partial secondary adentia and patients without violation of the dental integrity, some of which are at the stage of active orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods. At the framework of the study, data from 280 patients was analyzed (232 patients of the main study group (MSG), 48 patients – control study group (CSG)), who applied for dental care at the age of 18 to 62 years. Patient questioning was conducted using earlier developed questionnaires, as well as copying data from medical records of patients and collection of clinical examination data of the patient's oral cavity. Results. It has been reliably revealed that the greatest specific gravity of the absence of tooth dislocation from the Popov-Godon phenomenon in the area of distant teeth is in patients with tooth extraction less than 3 years ago. The distribution of patients by age group showed that partial absence of teeth is more common for 35 to 62 years old patients. A high expression level of the teeth's overloading was determined (facets of abrasion, abrasive prideginal defects of enamel) in MSG and CSG – 97.4% and 100% accordingly. It revealed, that in MSG pations with violation of the integrity of the dentition and the vertical or horizontal form of the Popov-Godon phenomenon show recession of gums in 47% of cases. In CSG gum recession is determined in 10.5% of patients. Cereal dental lesions in patients from MSG were detected more often – 96.4% against 78.3% in CSG; complications of caries – 50.9% in MSG against 4.3% in CSG. A higher level of patients' complaints about the mouth opening difficulties – 13% against 6.6% in MSG, clicks in the temporomandibular joint (21.7% against 17%). Conclusions. Patients with tooth extraction more than 3 years ago correlate to the largest proportion of signs of tooth dislocation in the Popov-Godon phenomenon in the region of distant teeth (98.8%). Higher level of gum recession, carious lesions and caries complications was revealed in the MSG; a higher level of clinical signs of tooth overload and patient complaints about the mouth opening difficulties and clicks in the temporomandibular joint – in CSG. This indicates a redistribution and increase in the masticatory load in patients with a violation of the dental integrity. As well as manifestations of functional disorders of the dentoalveolar system (problems with chewing, restrictions on opening the mouth, clicks in the temporomandibular joint) in patients with partial secondary adentia and patients without disruption of the dental integrity.