Incidence and conditions associated with retinopathy of prematurity

In the General Teaching Hospital “Dr. Agostinho Neto” Guantanamo all preterm and low birthweight births were investigated during the period 2006-2013, in order to determine the incidence and some conditions related to the disease. The study group consisted of 676 infants, the sample was 148 babies: Variables were analyzed: incidence, gestational age and birth weight, sex, oxygen, perinatal factors associated with prematurity, stage of retinopathy and type of treatment. The primary data was obtained from the medical records of newborns and mothers. Gestational age less than 35 weeks, weighing less than 1700 g and oxygen: risk factors were highlighted. There was a higher prevalence of stage I and II of retinopathy of prematurity. Most patients evolved spontaneously to step from the disease, only 2.7 % received laser therapy, the incidence values were rising, gestational age less than 35 weeks and low birth weight are cardinal factors to consider in the onset of disease; without neglecting the monitoring of clinical management, they dominated stages I and II of the ROP and the evolution towards spontaneous healing.