Effect of Methanol Leaf Extract of Vitex Doniana on Cadmium Chloride-Induced Toxicity in Kidney and Liver Tissues of Male Wistar Rats

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of methanol leaf extract of Vitex doniana MEVd on Cadmium chloride - induced toxicity in the liver and kidney of male Wistar rats was investigated. Twenty five male Wistar rats weighing 171.87 ± 7.86g were acclimatized for two weeks and subsequently randomized into five groups Group 1 rats were administered daily 1 ml distilled water control group group 2 were administered Cadmium chloride 10 mg kg b.w. only groups 3 and 4 were administered MEVd 200 and 400 mg kg b.w. respectively six hours prior administration of Cd 10 mg Cd kg b.w. and group 5 rats were administered MEVd 400 mg kg b.w. only. The experiment lasted six weeks and all administration was carried out orally. The final body weights of the rats were recorded at the end of the experiment and afterwards the rats were sacrificed, blood was collected and the serum was subsequently prepared. The kidneys and liver were excised, weighed and then stored in 10 formalin for histological examination. The serum was used for the determination of urea, creatinine, Na , K , and Cl- concentrations, aspartate aminotransferase AST and alanine aminotransferase ALT activities and total bilirubin T-Bil concentration. The results showed that exposure of the rats to Cd significantly p 0.05 increased kidney weight, serum urea, creatinine, Na , K , Cl- and total bilirubin concentrations as well as serum ALT and AST activities. Cd-induced toxicity also caused severe necrosis of the tubular epithelial cells in the nephrons and degeneration of the hepatocytes. Although both doses of the plant extract significantly ameliorated these changes, the amelioration at 200 mg kg body weight of the extract compared well with the control in most of the parameters investigated. In conclusion, the oral administration of methanol leaf extract of Vitex doniana ameliorated the Cd-induced toxicity related biochemical parameters and histological changes in the rats. Olajide, J. E. | Sanni, M. | Omattah, G. O. "Effect of Methanol Leaf Extract of Vitex Doniana on Cadmium Chloride-Induced Toxicity in Kidney and Liver Tissues of Male Wistar Rats" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18876.pdf