Groundwater Degradation and its Health Effects Due to Minor Element Concentration: A Case Study of Singrauli Industrial Area, Madhaya Pradesh

Present study was carried out in industrial sector which is considered as the power house of India. pH, TDS, hardness, copper, iron, cobalt, manganese, zinc and chromium were analyzed for 17ground water samples in the selected tube wells which are used for drinking and other domestic purpose. Preliminary field survey was carried out to understand the overall impact of industrialization on the groundwater resources of Singrauli area Physico-chemical parameters pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) were measured in the field by using portable multi parameter analysis kit. The minor ions were analyzed in the laboratory. The results obtained are compared with WHO and ICMR standards for drinking water quality. The physico chemical analysis shows alkaline nature of water, soft to moderately soft; TDS and total alkalinity exceeds the desirable limit. The minor ions concentration like Cu ++ , Mg and Zn ++ are within the permissible limit prescribed by world health organization, 2011 whereas Ni, Fe ++ , Co, and Cr show higher concentrations which are the main constituents responsible for degrading the quality of groundwater and has many adverse health effects on the human population.