Thermo Mechanical Analysis of Engine Valve

Exhaust valve of an Internal Combustion engine is one of the most crucial parts. It is the main cause of most problems like pre-ignition, burned valves etc. Design of the valve depends on many parameters likebehavior of material at high temperature, fluid dynamics of exhaust gas, oxidization characteristics of valve material and exhaust gas, fatigue strength of valve material, configuration of the cylinder head, coolant flow and the shape of the exhaust port. The most important factor affecting the performance of a valve is its operating temperature. This project deals with the stress induced in a valve due to high thermal gradient and high pressure inside the combustion chamber. To analyze the valve ANSYS is used as the tool. Thermal and structural analyses are performed on the valve. In the first stage of analysis the temperature distribution across the valve is determined. In the second stage this temperature distribution is transferred on to another element and pressure load will be applied to the valve to determine the displacement distribution in the valve. The above said process is repeated for the different valve materials and finally the best material is suggested for the valve based on its strength and thermal properties.