The Geology and Hydrogeochemistry of Old Arugbadu-Gida and Environs, North Central Nigeria

The Study area lies within latitude 08°45'00''N to 08°52'30''N and longitude 008°37'30''E to 008°45'10''E, and a total area of 49 km 2 . The geological mapping indicated five (5) different rock types namely; foliated migmatite, gneiss, granite gneiss, quartzite and pegmatite. A detailed geological mapping was carried out on a scale of 1:12,500 and structural features registered in the study area are foliation, joints, veinlet, spheroidal weathering and faults; where the major structural trends were in the NE-SW, NNE-SSW directions, corresponding to that of the underlying Basement Complex. The hydro geochemistry of the ground water samples obtained from shallow hand dug wells within Arugbadu- gida area and its environs were investigated to determine the suitability of the water for human consumption. A total of twenty-six (26) shallow hand-dug wells, two (2) boreholes, a stream and a spring were analysed for water quality. The water Spectrometric analysis was carried out at the Nigerian Geological Survey Agency Kaduna using Hach Digital Spectrometer Model 2400. Piper and Ion spatial distribution diagrams were plotted using the analytical data obtained from the water chemistry analysis. The major constituents are those whose concentrations range from 1.0 ppm-1000 ppm (parts per million). From the result of the analysis, the major constituents analysed are: Na + , Ca + , Mg2 + , and Cl - .