IMPROVING GEOGRAPHICAL ENERGY AWARE ROUTING PROTOCOL TO ENHANCE LIFETIME OF WSNs

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are composed of small battery-powered devices with limited energy resources which are called wireless sensor nodes. Once the sensor node is deployed, the battery of the wireless sensor node cannot be charged. Clustering algorithms are one of the main techniques used to minimize the energy consumption of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks. However, how to choose a cluster head in a clustering algorithm is a major challenge. In this work, we studied the expected transmission count for wireless sensor networks and Modified geographical energy-aware routing protocol. We divide the wireless sensor node into four logical regions based on the location area in the sensing field. We installed a gateway node at the center of the sensing field and installed a base station away from the sensing field. If the distance of the wireless sensor node from the gateway or base station is less than a predetermined distance threshold, the wireless sensor node communicates directly. The remaining two areas are far from the gateway or base station, and choose the cluster head independent of each area. These cluster heads are selected based on the same probability as LEACH, remaining energy and expected transmission counts (ETX). We compare the performance of our proposed protocol with the Modified geographical energy-aware routing protocol for wireless sensor networks. Performance analysis and comparison of statistical results show that our proposed protocol performs well in terms of throughput, packet transmission rate, energy consumption, and network lifetime by considering Residual energy and ETX while selecting Cluster Head (CH).