STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF PISTON BY USING VARIOUS ALUMINIUM ALLOYS

In an engine the purpose of piston is to transfer force from expanding gas in the cylinder to the crankshaft via a piston rod and/or connecting rod. Generally the piston is made of Al Alloy, is a crucial part of internal combustion engines. When the combustion of fuel takes place in engine cylinder, high temperature and pressure develops. Because of high speed and at high loads, the piston is subjected to high thermal and structural stresses. If these stresses exceed the designed values, failure of piston may take place. The stresses due to combustion are considered to avoid the failure of the piston. So, Intensity of thermal and structural stresses should be reduced to have safe allowable limits. Aim of this paper is to identify the best material suitable for design of S.I Engine piston which produces less mechanical stresses among the selected Aluminium alloys Al 2014A T6, Al 2124 T851 and Al 4032 T6 by using CAE Tools.