On some methods of increasing thermal ef-ficiency and reliability of industrial CHPs

The items related to some ways of efficiency increase of industrial thermal power stations (CHP) and of heat supply systems of industrial enterprises have been considered, as well as over recession periods in production. The main ways to improve the thermal schemes of thermal electric blowing station have been identified: optimization of operating modes of the available equipment of the station; optimization and improvement with the replacement of the boiler equipment; mounting of new, modern turbines, incl. various replacements for turbines of constantly operating reduction-cooling units; complete replacement of CHP plants with the mounting of combined cycle and gas turbine stations or partial replacement (modernization) of the heat scheme with the introduction into the technological scheme of heat and power plants of utilization facilities of secondary sources of low-potential heat into the technological scheme, for example, heat pump installations. This analysis of the ways to improve the efficiency of the plant under the operating conditions of an industrial enterprise at the present stage has somewhat narrowed the range of possible upgrades of the thermal schemes of industrial CHPs to the known classical options, that is -replacement of the available reducing and cooling plants with low-power turbines. A number of typical reduction-cooling units used at the industrial CHP have been analyzed, and a feasibility study for the introduction of low-power steam turbines instead of these reduction-cooling plants has been given. The power ranges and the optimal composition of the recommended steam turbines for the various pressure units of the industrial CHP have been determined, and the efficiency of the proposed measures implementation has been shown. An example of a more efficient thermal scheme for an industrial CHP with the use of reduction turbines with production selection for steam-conversion (or evaporative) installations and for covering heating loads is given