VARIANTS OF TEMPORARY IMMOBILIZATION IN JAW FRACTURES

In peacetime and in wartime, fractures of the bones of the facial skeleton are an important phenomenon (5-6% to 7-9% of all traumatic skeletal injuries) requiring use of rational treatment methods. The share of mandibular fractures accounts for 65-85%, of maxilla – 4-6%, of zygomatic and nasal bones – 7-9% and 4-7%, respectively. The need for immobilization is associated with the risk of development of pain and complications, such as bleeding, microbial contamination, asphyxia, injury of nerves and blood vessels. The article gives a comparative analysis of means of transport immobilization of jaws on examples of traumas received in the wartime and in emergen-cy situations. There were chosen extraoral methods that hold jaw fragments with the help of ban-dage secured to the cerebral cranium, and intraoral methods with maxillomandibular ligature fixa-tion. Conclusion. Standard Entin head-chin strap has certain advantages over Hippocratic cap bandage and Pomerantseva-Urbanskaya method. It is sufficiently universal and may be adjusted to any size of the head, possesses sufficient strength and provides reliable fixation of jaws. Ivy's method was found to have advantages in comparison with other methods of maxillomandibular ligature fixation, which are strong and high-quality immobilization of the jaw fragments, possi-bility of use with multiple fractures, simplicity of application. All this permits to recommend Ivy's method for use in case of indications.