Retrospective study analyzing the data on non-traumatic abdominal emergency surgeries done tertiary care hospital, Chennai

Background: Abdominal pain is one among the common reason to visit the casualty. Appendicitis remains the commonest cause in it. An accurate diagnosis is needed for the essential treatment. Materials and methods: All patients admitted in emergency surgical ward as acute abdomen and underwent emergency surgeries during a period of November 2015 to January 2016 (3 months) in our Stanley Hospital were studied. Patients with history of trauma were excluded from the study. Patients managed conservatively were also excluded from the study. A total of 268 cases underwent emergency abdominal surgery were studied. The age, sex, type of surgery done, etc. details were collected from the emergency registers and other records available. The results were tabulated for age and sex incidence according to different surgeries done. Results: A total of 178 cases of acute appendicitis were operated. The majority of cases were in the age group of 10-30 years. 2 patients having appendicular mass were operated and 6 appendicular abscess patients were operated and drained. Most of the patients were operated by open appendectomy and few numbers of patients operated via laparoscopy technique. A total of 32 cases of intestinal perforation were studied. Out of 32 during the study 2 case of gastric perforation and 2 cases of ileal perforation were reported. Total number of cases operated was 20 with inguinal hernia accounting for 15 cases and umbilical hernia 2 and epigastric hernia 2 cases, 1 case of incisional hernia. 3 cases (10%) of large bowel obstruction observed and were due to gangrenous bowel, sigmoid. Conclusion: Our study shows that appendicectomy still remains the commonest non traumatic abdominal emergencies in our hospital. Duodenal perforation was the commonest cause of hollow viscous perforation.