Analysis of Node Localization Techniques of Underwater Acoustic Networks

Under the deep sea to sense ocean conditions such as pressure etc are the underwater acoustic network which is a type of network that is deployed. It is difficult to perform high-speed communication within underwater acoustic channels because of the presence of limited bandwidth, higher multi-path, higher fading, huge time-variations as well as Doppler shifts. The propagation of electromagnetic waves is very poor within the sea waters. The communication techniques were designed originally for the terrestrial wired and wireless channels. There is a need to modify these techniques in order to make them appropriate for underwater channels. In this paper, various techniques of node localization have been reviewed in terms of certain parameters.