Extended IEEE 802.11p using distance-based grouping algorithm

Vehicle communication is being utilized to provide a variety of services in the area of intelligent transport systems (ITS) by merging the communication systems and the automotive industry. In general, vehicle communication is used for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infra (V2I) communications by adopting the IEEE 802.11p / 1609 standard known as wireless access in vehicular environments (WAVE). In intelligent traffic system, vehicle information is collected by exchanging information between the roadside unit (RSU) and the vehicle. The vehicle density within the range of one RSU changes with time. The higher the vehicle density, the more vehicle information is collected on a single RSU and the probability of packet collision increases. In this paper, we analyze the vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle to vehicle (V2V) wireless channel characteristics of the WAVE communication system based on IEEE 802.11p standard in domestic urban and highway environments to solve the phenomenon that the communication performance is deterioration when concentrated on this one infrastructure. When there are multiple vehicles communicating with a single infrastructure, the collision rate increases, which makes communication difficult. In this paper, we propose a distance-based grouping algorithm that groups multiple vehicles and communicates between groups. By using the algorithm proposed in this paper, the collision rate is reduced by an average of 4.2%.