The Research of the Structural Organization of Metaphorical and Metonymical Models of Phraseological Units with a Gender Component in the English and Tatar Languages

The subject of the study of the article is the question of models of phraseological units (PhU) with gender component (a substantive component that expresses the category of gender) formed on the basis of metaphorical and metonymic reinterpretation of the components. The category of gender is considered as a semantic category, correlated with the conceptual category of sex. The analysis is based on the English and Tatar languages. The object of the study are the PhU with a gender component, formed on the basis of metaphorical and metonymic re-interpretation of the components. The article aims to define the common and the different in the patterns of phraseological units, based on metaphorical and metonymic reinterpretation, in English and Tatar. The study of metaphorical models results in identification of metaphorical personification, antonomasia, periphrasis, comparison, and algorism. The most common pattern turned to be periphrasis, in the Tatar language there are a lot of phraseological units – algorisms and comparisons. Common is a synecdoche among the metonymic models (in the Tatar language), metonymic paraphrases (rare in both languages) and metonymical antonomasia (used in English). The author comes to the conclusion that metaphoric transfers are common in both languages, but the Tatar phraseology is more vivid through the use of comparisons, algorisms. English phraseology is more “restrained” but it is diverse as it has deeper roots.