State of the Antioxidant Protection System in Rats Erythrocytes under the Influence of Histamine and Sodium Hypochlorite

Sodium hypochlorite is used in medicine as a detoxifier due to oxidation of toxins and metabolites. This substance is officially used for disinfection of tap water. The widespread use of drugs for the release and histamine metabolism in medical practice is based on the use of two groups of drugs: histamine receptor blockers and plasma cell membrane stabilizing. However, the negative side effect causes the search for other safe paths of inactivation and reduction of histamine content in biological tissues. Thus, it is important to study the safety of the use of sodium hypochlorite for the treatment of patients with allergic manifestations. The excessive allocation of histamine, which is easily oxidized, mast cells and blood basophils should be also taken into account. Study of safety using the sodium hypochlorite for treatment the patients with allergic manifestation and the excessive allocation of histamine is an acute problematic nowadays. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of histamine (in doses of 1 and 8 µg/kg of body weight of animals) and sodium hypochlorite (in concentrations 5 and 20 mg/l), as well as their simultaneous action on the enzyme and non-enzymatic levels of the antioxidant system of red blood cells in rats. Material and methods. The test substances were administered to animals for 14 days. On the 1st, 7th, 14th and 21st (rehabilitation) days animals were decapitated. We took blood red cells samples by centrifugation and conducted their hemolysis. In hemolysates, the activity of glutathione peroxidase was studied, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, amount of reduced glutathione. The dispersion analysis was also conducted. Results and discussion. The histamine in erythrocytes leads to a decrease in the activity of investigated enzymes and the content of reduced glutathione during the experiment, except for the 7th day of the experiment. Sodium hypochlorite causes the initial growth of activity of glutathione peroxidase with the next decreasing the activity. Glutathione-S-transferase is the least sensitive to the action of this substance. Sodium hypochlorite on the background of action of histamine disrupts the work of enzymes. At the first day of the experiment, a histamine influence on the activity of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and the content of reduced glutathione was dominant, whereas the simultaneous administration of histamine and sodium hypochlorite was significantly influenced by glutathione-S-transferase activity. Conclusion. The combined administration of substances had a significant effect on the activity of glutathione peroxidase on the 7th and 14th days of the experiment. Sodium hypochlorite affected the activity of catalase and the content of reduced glutathione.