Hypoglycaemic Mechanism of Manosrin from Anisopus Mannii N. E. Br

Medicinal Plants from various parts of the world have been tested for their hypoglycaemic properties and other related ailments. These have resulted into the isolation and purification of novel compounds which have been made into drugs and commercialized. The MeOH sub-fraction of Anisopus mannii N. E. Br.yielded ‘Manosrin' (3, 23, 28 Trihydroxy-12- oleanen-3-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1,6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1,6)-β-D-xylopyranosyl)-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1,6)-βD-glucopyranoside) as a novel compound. To understand the mechanism of the drug action using ICR mice and other possible effect of the drug as hypoglycaemic compound. Manosrin was subjected to evaluations, such as oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), standard toxicity studies, pathological investigations and route of efficiency, by intraperitoneal injection and oral administration using ICR mice, and the drug mechanism of action by co-treatment with isosorbide dinitrate and nifedipine as Ca+ and K+ ion channel regulators. Oral administration of the methanol sub-fraction (250 mg/kg bw) inhibited blood glucose increase, but stimulated blood glucose lowering in post prandial ICR mice. Significant body weight gains were observed both in the 2,000 and 5,000 mg/kg bw treated groups at day 3 to 14.All of the treated groups showed significant (P < 0.05) decrease in organ weights compared to the control group (kidney and liver). The BUN and creatinine levels decreased in Manosrin treated groups in the 2,000 and 5,000 mg/kg bw treated groups. However, a dose dependent elevation was observed for AST, ALT and Total bilirubin levels. The oral and intraperitoneal administration of Manosrin showed higher efficiency than Glibenclamide but lower than insulin. The co-treatment of ICR mice with ion channel regulators, showed that Manosrin was not dependent on the closure of K+ and opening of the Ca2+ channels. It could therefore be speculated that Manosrin may have enhanced insulin activity as a way of FBG reduction in the diabetic mice. Manosrin has exhibited a Thiazolidinedione-like action as its modus operandi. The hypoglycaemic effect observed prompts further investigation on other possible potentials of this compound in the management of Diabetes mellitus and related diseases.