Policy Options to Achieve China’s Energy & Climate Targets

In this work, we developed a model framework of energy-economy-environment integrated system to explicitly explore the impacts of policy options on China's achievement of energy and climate pledges in 2030. The results show that roles of carbon taxes and alternatives subsidies played on the attainment of China's committed energy and climate targets are significantly different; more specifically, the policy of carbon tax performs more remarkable on emissions peaking, while the deployment of non-fossil energy technologies is influenced more by the alternatives subsidy. As a consequence, the government should pay great attention on optimizing the policy options and coordinating the policy effects of both carbon taxes and subsidies, in order to reach both the energy and climate goals in 2030 simultaneously.