THE PRODUCTIVITY OF GRAIN SORGHUM IN BOGHARIC CROP ROTATION OF THE DRY STEPPE ZONE OF KABARDINO-BALKAR REPUBLIC

The data of maize, sunflower and sorghum yields in the link of bogharic crop rotation in conditions of different natural moisture supply of the year and in the long-term period of production observations are presented. The data of three-year field experiments of grain sorghum yield exceeds the corn in similar conditions of cultivation. The biological characteristics of grain sorghum much more efficiently and productively allow to expend the moisture precipitation on the creation of the reproductive parts of the crop (grain). The advantage of sorghum cultivation in dry and dry years of the planar zone, the critical period of moisture demand, as well as for sunflower and corn, is the period of flowering – filling grain (July-August), rational consumption of soil moisture plant grain sorghum. The ability of its root system in dry years to use the moisture of the horizons of the second meter layer of soil, to preserve the life of plants until the end of the growing season without drying of the above-ground organs and to form the grain harvest, while maize crops die from drought.