THE DAMASCENE ARCHITECTURE OF THE POST-OTTOMAN PERIOD AND THE INFLUENCE OF EUROPEAN CULTURE (BAROQUE STYLE) ON THE DAMASCENE TRADITIONAL HOUSE (POST-NINETEENTH CENTURY - THE BEGINNING OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY)

In the subsequent period of the Ottoman Empire between both the nineteenth and twentieth century's, Syria undertook substantial changes, which led to the emergence and development of European forms in art and architecture. At present, the urgent problem of preserving and restoring the monuments of residential architecture of Damascus has arisen. This is especially important because Damascus is included on the world cultural values list of UNESCO. One of the most interesting periods in the development of Damascus urban planning is the period of “Damascus Baroque”, noting that it is not fully covered in studying the history and theory of architecture in Damascus. This research highlights the studying the creative heritage of residential Damascus architecture which is necessary in historical and cultural terms for their use in modern practice of design and construction, through emphasizing on the identification of architectural traditions and construction in the house of Damascus, analyzing the impact of Western European culture on the architecture of urban residential buildings through research and reviewing various historical and cultural data on these buildings, and their classification.