DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF NOISE SHIELDS

The article describes the problems resulting from the absence in the Russian Federation of the Law on noise, regulating the relationship of stakeholders, carrying out noise protection measures, determining the area of responsibility, appropriate penalties, etc. The main mistakes in the design and construction of noise shields (which are the most frequently used type of noise protection measures in practice), including mistakes of developers of design and working documentation, mistakes during installation, poor quality panels (design defects) are identified and considered in the article. The result of the described mistakes is the acoustic fragility of noise shields, when the shield materials are no longer operational and need regular maintenance. The normative and technical documentation of various levels (state standards, standards of organizations, guidelines, departmental construction norms) operating in the territory of the Russian Federation is analyzed, its main shortcomings are revealed and the directions requiring adjustment are described. Visual illustrations of the installed noise shields at the existing facilities of the Russian Federation, which have lost their functionality due to the mistakes in the design, construction and manufacture of structures are presented in the article. The idea of the formation of two main groups of noise protection shields was put forward: unified and individual. Unified designs of noise protection shields at the stage of implementation and testing are offered to be given the status of “recommended”, and, later they can be included into the category of “mandatory” with their successful application and implementation, including the solution of the problem of reducing the cost and time for the construction of shields.