CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PM2.5 DURING A TYPICAL SPRING FESTIVAL FIREWORKS DISPLAY IN RURAL AREAS IN WENZHOU, CHINA

To investigate the effect of fireworks on the quality of the atmospheric environment and changes in the chemical characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), PM2.5 samples were collected from rural areas in Wenzhou during the Spring Festival in 2018. Components loaded on PM2.5 samples were analyzed, including water-soluble inorganic ions, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and trace elements. The PM2.5 concentration during the fireworks period is twice that of normal times. Main components loaded on fine particles during the use of fireworks were K, NO3−, Cl−, SO42−, and OC, accounting for approximately half of the mass of PM2.5. The ratio of total cations to total anions decreased, indicating that fireworks released a high amount of acidic substances. The concentrations of K+, Mg2+, Cl-, NH4+, NO3- and SO42- on PM2.5 were significantly increased by 18.13, 8.25, 6.25, 4.97, 3.47 and 2.67 times, respectively, and the effect of fireworks was much higher on OC than on EC. PM released from fireworks was more harmful because the K, Cu, Pb, Cr, and Ni enrichment factor values of the samples obtained during the fireworks show increased by 9.36, 8.98, 7.40, 3.89, and 3.51 times, respectively.