Relationship between pattern of fingerprints and blood groups

Dactylography or the fingerprint system relies on the study of stratum ridges and their configurations [Dermatoglyphics (Derma = skin + Glyph = carving)] in the fingers, palms and soles. Estimates that probably there are chances of two people with identical finger impressions are about one in sixty four thousand million. Heredity and environment arbitrate in combination effects the pattern of ridges. We have conducted a study with 450 individuals among which 224 were male and 226 were female subjects, having different ABO blood groups and belongs to different age groups. This study was carried out in different faculties of Koya University. All the 10 fingerprint patterns were divided into Loops, Whorls and Arches. The fingerprints were taken with the help of stamp pad imprinting the finger ridges over A4 size white papers. The general distribution of the pattern of fingerprint showed high frequency (49.62%) of loops, whereas whorls were moderate (42.48%) and arches were least (7.88%) in frequency. Almost same order was noticed in both Rh-positive and Rh-negative individuals or A, B, AB and O blood groups. Loops are dominated in all the blood groups of both Rh-positive and Rh-negative individuals. The aim was to study the pattern of fingerprints on all the fingers of both hands and to study the association between fingerprints and blood groups among university students in different faculties of the Koya university with statistical analysis. The study suggests an association between fingerprint pattern and blood group A, B and AB, however, there is no association found between fingerprints and blood group O based on statistical analysis of chi-square test when results combined between both genders. This study concludes that distribution of primary pattern of fingerprints is related to individual digits.