ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND CREATIVE PARTNERSHIP OF HERITAGE MANAGEMENT IN NATIONAL MEDICINE PATENT DEVELOPMENT: A CONTRIBUTION TO CURRENT ISSUE OF PUBLIC HEALTH

The statistical data of Indonesian Law and Human Rights Ministry shows an unfortunate irony: the number of domestic patents registration in 2016 was quite low, with only 1.440 patent registrations comparing to 7.766 foreign patents registered in the exact same year, and what makes it more even unfortunate is : 96 % on medicine patents registered in Indonesia are for foreign products. As a mega-biodiversity country, Indonesia abundantly possesses ingredients for potential drugs and medicines, many of them are currently used daily as herbal medicine or alternative medicines, but this not significantly increase the amount of national medicine patent registration. On the contrary, developed countries with advanced technology are highly aggressive with their medicine patent registration. This paper aims to identify the Collective Action Theory in boosting national medicine patent development considering current issues, such as public health and technology transfer based on mutual advantages. The result shows that collective action plays the most important and significant role in managing the heritage of genetic resources and traditional medicinal knowledge, the research suggests “Hexa-Helix Collaboration” in creating creative “entrepreneurship and partnership” (entreupartnership) to significantly escalate national medicine patent development.