Prevalence of various enterococcus species and their antibiotic resistance pattern among urinary isolates in tertiary care center in South Eastern Rajasthan

Introduction: In 1899 Thiercelin first described ‘Enterococcus'. They are primarily member of gastrointestinal flora of human and animals. Enterococcus was grouped under streptococcus as group D streptococci but now it has been separated as individual genus. Clinically the most important species associated with human Infections are E. faecalis and E. faecium. They are frequently resistant to various group of antimicrobials. UTI is the most common infection among all Enterococcal infections and implicated in approximately 10 percent of all UTIs. Materials and Methods: The samples were collected from all hospitalized and OPD patients of MBS Hospital, JK Lone Hospital & NMC Hospital. Government Medical College, Kota, Rajasthan. A total of 360 isolates were collected during the period of 2 years from April 2016 to April 2018 and processed at Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Kota, Rajasthan. Results: The present study shows a high incidence of enterococcal UTI among females (225) compare to males (135) with maximum Isolation among population between age group of 31- 40 (111) followed by 41-50 (59) and 21-30 (48). In present study the Ampicillin, Piperacillin, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Nitrofurantoin, Gentamicin, Vancomycin and Linezolid antibiotic discs was tested and Linezolid was found to be most effective among all followed by Vancomycin, Nitrofurantoin, Ampicillin, Piperacillin, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin. High level Gentamicin resistance (HLAR) was 60.27% in present study and Vancomycin resistance was 14.16 %. Conclusion: Among all species of enterococci E. faecium were most resistant species among all. Ampicillin & Piperacillin resistance was considerably higher in present study in comparison to other studies. Resistance to Nitrofurantoin was also found highest among E. faecium 77.77% in present study and other compared studies.[1] By observing the various parameters of present study it can be concluded that enterococci which was thought to be a commensal organism is now emerging as a potential pathogen, particularly among hospitalised patients. In our institution Enterococcus isolates was more resistant to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides and ?-lactams agents. Early detection of Enterococcal species and resistance to Aminoglycoside and Vancomycin can be helpful in limiting the morbidity in our hospital set up.