Histopathological study of lesions of female genital tract in rural Maharashtra

Objective: There are various lesions found in female genital tract from cervix to uterus to ovary. Although leiomyoma is the commonest lesion in female genital tract, lesions from cervix, fallopian tube and ovary are clinically important. Our objective is to analyze the various lesions in female genital tract, to study the incidence of various lesions and their interrelation. Materials and Methods: A 1 year retrospective study conducted in the Dept. of Pathology IIMS & R Medical College, where in 140 specimens of female genital tract (uterus, fallopian tube and ovary) were subjected to histopathological examination and relevant clinical data was analyzed. Results: Most of the patients presented with abnormal uterine bleeding (50%). Out of 125 hysterectomy cases, 84 had uterine pathology (67.2%) which included leiomyoma and adenomyosis. The pyosalpinx was leading tubal pathology (15.8%) while simple serous cysts form majority of ovarian pathology (26.3%). Conclusion: Though hysterectomy is a routine procedure in the management of uterine leiomyoma, occasional cases of tumor or infective pathology may be missed. The histopathological evaluation of ovarian and tubal lesions is also important for subsequent management. Therefore histopathology is mandatory for confirmed diagnosis and hence for ensuring optimal management.