Histopathological spectrum of intestinal lesions

Introduction: Intestinal specimens received frequently are of both non neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Non neoplastic lesions includes non specific enteritis, congenital anomalies, tuberculosis where as carcinoid and carcinomas are neoplastic lesions. Clinical and radiological findings of these lesions are non specific. Therefore histopathological study is required for the diagnosis. Materials and Methods: One year study was done during the period of June 2016 to May 2017 at M R Medical college, Kalaburagi on 32 intestinal specimens (16 small intestinal and 16 large intestinal).The specimens were processed routinely and special stains were done where ever required. Results: A wide spectrum of intestinal lesions were studied. Congenital anomalies accounted for 22% which included meckels diverticulum(4), heterotopic pancreas (1), jejunal atresia (1) and hirschsprung's disease(1). Inflammatory lesions constituted 53.1% which were mainly chronic non specific inflammation(12), Tuberculosis(4) and diverticulitis(1). Two cases of juvenile polyp, two cases of carcinoid tumor and one case each of ileal lipoma, ileal hemangioma, anal papilloma and signet ring cell adenocarcinoma were reported. Conclusion: A greater awareness of various diseases affecting the intestines and understanding their pathogenesis, on the part of the pathologist is felt necessary for a better diagnosis. Hence a detailed histopathological study of the intestinal specimens should be done in constant correlation with the clinical and radiological findings for an accurate diagnosis.