Histopathological study of nephrectomy specimens in a tertiary care hospital

Introduction: Like any other human organ, kidney also may be involved by many inflammatory, benign or malignant diseases which require removal of kidney. Simple nephrectomy is done to remove the irreversibly damaged, non-functioning kidneys involved by different benign pathologic condition while radical nephrectomy is indicated in ma­lignant lesion. Materials and Methods: The materials for the study were collected from the patients being admitted in a tertiary care hospital situated in Ahmedabad affiliated with Gujarat University. Data were collected in pretested proforma. Results: Total 74 cases of nephrectomy specimen were studied. The data according to age incidence, sex incidence, location, nature of the lesion and clinical symptoms was prepared and analyzed. 55 (74.33%) cases were of benign lesions while 19 (25.67%) cases were of malignant lesions. We found 6 cases of congenital kidney diseases, among which maximum cases were of multicystic renal dysplasia (50%), followed by bilateral renal dysplasia, horse shoe kidney and duplex kidney (16.66% each). Conclusion: Most common benign lesions were Chronic inflammatory causes, renal calculus related hypofunctioning kidneys, trauma and congenital diseases of kidney. Angiomyolipoma and Cystic nephroma were most common benign neoplasm while renal cell carcinoma, Wilm's tumor and urothelial carcinoma were most common malignant neoplasm.