Analysis of mandibular fractures – a retrospective study

Aim: The aim of the study was to analyse the incidence, etiology, and localization of mandibular fractures treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Govt. Dental College & Hospital, Rajeev Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 218 patients with mandibular fractures, treated between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2017, were reviewed and the following data were analysed: age, gender, etiology, fracture area and treatment. Results: The male: female ratio was 3.9: 1. The majority of patients (55.96%) were young people, aged 11-30 years. The main cause of mandibular fractures was Road traffic accidents (RTAs) (73.85%) followed by falls (20.64%) and assaults (4.59%). The most common fracture area was parasymphysis (26.61%) followed by mandibular angle (11.47%) and condylar process fractures (11.01%). Closed reduction was done in 25.68% of patients, open reduction and internal fixation was performed in 72.93% of cases, while 1.37% of them were treated conservatively. Conclusions: The presented results are in line with other studies. The present study highlights the importance of strict enforcement of traffic regulations, assessment and development of preventive schemes to reduce the incidence of Road traffic accidents.