Quality of Pavement Lightening and its Effect on Citizen’s Sense of Security (Case Study: Shorabil Tourist Area)

Introduction One of the urban parts  most visited by the citizens is city sidewalks in which a great number of people pass by day and night. Therefore, sidewalks lightening are an essential part of the night life of a city. To provide a designing guide for a lightening with a social function, it is essential to study the relations urban space lightening and perceived effects of citizens. Since the physical elements can change people’s perceived safety, they have an undeniable impact on the quality of lightening. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation of the nocturnal lightening physical properties and the motivation of the tourist area of Shourabil.  Methodology This is an applied research with a description- analytical method and analysis of correlations among the variables. It is also classified as fieldwork survey that uses questionnaire and somewhere interviews. The people included in this research are those who walk in this area at night. Sample volume is set 148 based on Morgan Table and purposive sampling. The analysis of data is performed by SPSS22. Analytical test such as One-Way ANOVA (F), U Mann-Whitney, Chi-Square X2, Kendall's tau-b and Pearson correlation coefficient, and Kruskal-Wallis are also used. Results and discussion The main issue in this study is to examine physical and social factors influencing the sense of safety of citizens during the night walkings in the tourist zone of Shourabil, Ardebil. Results show that physical properties of sidewalks including monotonic lightening with face detection at nights, and hiding is affecting the sense of safety. In other words, safety level according to the results has a meaningful contrast (P