Analysis the urban walkway role in promoting the vitality of urban spaces (Case study: 17 Shahrivar walkway of Tehran)

Introduction Walking spaces is one of the most important urban public spaces in urban regions.  Jane Jacobs considers the walkways as a public and main space and the most critical member of city. In recent decades, as a result of rapid movement towards the development of our country, Body cities have suffered from severe changes. The effect of these changes can affect the body in our cities. Our people are in need for required spaces for their activities and there is no framework for this activity in cities. Gradually, Cavalry move dominated urban spaces and streets, urban planning and design far from the walking human scale and the needs. As a result, the values and social and cultural attractions of urban spaces are reduced. Thus, in the past two decades, on urban dynamics has been more attention to the walking discussion and this led to attraction of the policies attention of the deal with unsustainable urban space. Creation of a pure walking space (Urban Palazzo) in Imam Hossain (AS) is valuable as the context of practical and theoretical reflection and evaluation in a turning point in urban planning. This is a positive step in the realization of humanist urban planning. In this research, the role of 17 Shahrivar Walkway in urban spaces is investigated and analyzed.Urban spaces of the most creative urban places in human life and attention to the existing qualities in these spaces have been different in different historical periods according to the goals and wishes of the residents. What is common in all periods is the presence of the people and their social relations as the most important principle in the dynamics of urban spaces. Since pedestrian street in urban public space for the pedestrian movement could be taken to strengthen the citizens social and moral relations, often due to neglecting poor facilities allocation and inadequate walkways and lack of education and awareness of pedestrian movement rules, sometimes they are deprived of this right. Thus, the share of the transport system in recent decades is trimmed according to statistics for mechanical life and superiority car and countless other obstacles. Urban walkways positive response to the increasing needs of urban society is high pollution in non-secure environments from car traffic and children vibrant sites among cities. This is what gives life to a space, people and active presence and joyful in space.   Methodology This target of this applied study in terms of data collection is a descriptive- survey research. The population of this study is consisted of the individuals in traffic in 17 Shahrivar Walkway. Random sampling method is used for sampling; and since statistical population is unlimited according to the pre-test sampling, the sample size was 270 people. To analyze the situation of walkway and vitality for the literature and research, we developed structural Research Model according to the structures and latent variables. For analysis, we used SPSS and PLS software. To ensure the validity and reliability, we calculated Cronbach alpha and composite reliability for each index with convergent and divergent validity.   Results and Discussion Beginning the indices of the walkway and vitality were detected by using Fuzzy Delphi method the experts' views. Then, to verify the measurement model, we calculated cronbach's alpha, composite reliability and average Variance. The resulting values show cronbach's alpha is more than 0.7 and average Variance is more than 0.5. We also attempted to determine the relationship between structural divergent validity. The results of this analysis indicate that structures (latent variables) in the model have more interaction with their indices as with other structures, the divergent validity of the model is appropriate. Path analysis techniques was used for investigate research model. Path impact coefficient (β) for mixed use 0.267, physical quality 0.322, landscape and Vision 0.297, social safety 0.266 and walkway in vitality is 0.306. Among these, the physical quality is the most important role in the vitality of the environment. In this model, P-value for each of the indicators of walkway on environment vitality is calculated and this number is less than 0.01 for all indicators which can be confirmed by their significant with 99% confidence level. But for walkway, this is more than 0.01 and rejected. Among the components of walkway accessibility and among the components of vitality interaction and sense of place, the values have most importance.   Conclusion Research analysis shows 17 Shahrivar Walkway as a public space could not lead to vitality in urban spaces. With this interpretation, we concluded that the mere creation of an environment without cars and for pedestrians cannot lead to vitality and attract population to use the space. Thus, the limited vehicle access to the area affects the vitality of the environment that they were in the study to be created vitality and suitable environment for the citizens.