STUDY OF SERUM LEVELS OF CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS AND ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem, with increasing prevalence and lethal adverse outcomes like progressive loss of kidney function, cardiovascular disease and premature death. Disturbances in mineral metabolism and bone disease are common complications of CKD and an important cause of morbidity and decreased quality of life in patients with CKD. Patients with renal failure have an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality that may be due in part to vascular calcification. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE To measure serum levels of calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase in patients in various stages of CKD and to correlate the same with creatinine and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) values. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a cross sectional study done at Thanjavur Medical College Hospital. 60 CKD patients and 50 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Serum levels of creatinine , calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase were measured and eGFR values correlated with the serum creatinine .RESULTS The mean values of creatinine (4.9 2.23 mgdl), calcium (9.8 0.456 mgdl) , phosphorus (4.19 0.404 mgdl) and alkaline phosphatase (94.01 15.10 UL) in the study group are significantly higher than the control group in which the mean levels are 0.89 0.102 mgdl, 10.17 0.37 mgdl, 4.02 0.16 mgdl and 25.16 4.65UL respectively. We have found that there is a significant difference in the above said parameters among patients in different stages of CKD (stage 3-5) indicating the progression of mineral bone disease with advancing stage of CKD.