Research of technical condition and methods of heat networks restoration in Ukraine

Problem statement. Central heating systems in Ukraine need to be renovated and upgraded. Taking into account the constant growth of energy price, the complex modernization of the infrastructure of these systems is more than ever relevant. Most heat losses in heat supply systems occur during the heat transportation, therefore proper attention should be paid to the issue of energy conservation in existing heating networks (total heat losses reach 30…40 % on average). A significant part of the pipelines of thermal networks, built in the middle of the last century, has already completely exhausted its resource and they are in a critical condition. As a result, there are large heat losses, economic losses due to frequent emergencies, significant volumes of repairs, deteriorating quality of services for the population, accelerating the aging of the heating system, etc. These pipelines require an immediate replacement. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to study the technical state of heat networks in Ukraine and to systematize the basic methods of their restoration. Conclusions. The authors analyze the main defects that arise during the design and operation of heat conductors with mineral wool and polyurethane foam insulation, their main causes and consequences. Methods of extending the operational life of the Ukrainian heat networks, aimed at eliminating these defects, contribute to the reduction of heat losses in the transport of heat from the source to the consumer and to ensure the reliability of the heating system. Rehabilitation of the central heating systems will enable residents to get better climatic conditions in apartments, as well as significantly lower heating bills. In addition, reducing the cost of fuel and energy will lead to a reduction in CO2 emissions.