Operations on working heart in lesion of left main coronary artery in acute coronary syndrome

Aim. To study safety and effectiveness of operations on the working heart in patients with damage to the left main coronary artery (LMCA) and with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), to determine the optimal time for operation. Materials and Methods. The work was based on the analysis of examination and treatment of 62 patients with damage to LMCA. Patients were divided to 2 groups depending on the kind of surgery: in the first group of patients (n=31) the operation was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), in the second group (n=31) – on the working heart. The groups were comparable by the main clinico-demographic parameters. The risk for unfavorable outcome was determined on EuroSCORE II scale. Results. Operation on the working heart in patients with damage to LMCA and ACS permitted to reduce the time of operation (253.44±36.84 against 188.13±45.37 min, p=0.0001), blood loss in postoperative period (607.00±432.34 ml against 413.21±167.08 ml, р=0.03), frequency of use of blood preparations (47.62% against 18.18%, р=0.04). However, the revascularization efficiency was higher in the group operated under CPB (2.93±0.8 against 2.29±0.82, р=0.005). Operations under CPB performed at later time (14-30 days) were associated with increased lethality. In operations on the working heart no lethal outcomes were reported. Conclusion. Operations on the working heart are safe and effective in the early period after development of ACS. The optimal operation time under CPB is 7-14 days. Lethality and postoperative complications in operation on the working heart before 7 days, within 7-14 days, and after 14 days did not differ.