FIRE-AND-EXPLOSION HAZARD OF GAS STATIONS

The paper is devoted to an important issue of fire and explosion safety in an emergency at gas stations. Such situations are extremely dangerous for both residents and urban development since the increase in vehicles leads to the increase in the number of gas stations. The article deals with all possible emergency scenarios that may cause fire and explosion at gas stations including terroristic attacks which are unfortunately topical nowadays. Given all scenarios and regulations as well as developments of Scientific and Technical Center “Vzryvoustoychivost” of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering the authors consider damage factors and an aftermath in case of fuel spillage fire, deflagration and detonation explosion of a tank with the fuel mixture. The isolines of the maximum explosion pressure levels are shown by taking into account the location of various buildings on the way of a deflagration wave as well as detonation shock wave, which is a scientific novelty of the paper. It is noted that in the situation of external emergency explosion window glass may break, which causes heavy air flows in the rooms of a building. The flow velocity is directed inward in the case of overpressure and outward in the case of underpressure.