Generation of artificial transverse circulation in an open channel flow by submerged vanes

Introduction. In this article, we describe a method for sediment control in damless water intake hydraulic units consisting in artificial transverse circulation (ATC) generated by redistributing specific water flow rates in the cross-section of the supply channel. One of the simplest and most effective anti-sediment elements working according to this principle is the submerged vane (SV). The intensity of the ATC formed in the flow depends on the flow regime and the planned-geometric characteristics of the vanes. Available recommendations on the selection of the rational characteristics of SV under the conditions of river damless water intake appear to be contradictory, thus requiring clarification. This study is aimed at examining the interaction between SV and a model flow without water trapping under various planned-geometric characteristics of the vane and experimental hydraulic regimes of its work using a physical model of the errosion-resistant channel. In addition, we set out to assess the effect of essential parameters on the intensity of the ATC generated in the flow. Materials and methods. This research was based on physical modelling hydraulic studies and theoretical calculations. Five hydraulic modes of vane operation with different planned-geometric characteristics were studied using a physical model of the erosion-resistant channel. Multiple regression analysis of the obtained experimental data was carried out. Results. The results of laboratory hydraulic studies on the SV operating conditions are presented. Experimental dependencies characterising the intensity of the ATC generated in the flow are plotted. A multiple regression equation is derived for the amount of the data obtained. Conclusions. It is established that the relative height of the vane and its angle to the side of the flume (coastline) has a significant effect on the intensity of the generated ATC. It is experimentally confirmed for the first time that SV shows little efficiency in high water horizons in terms of in-flow ATC generation.