Process of Obtaining Accuracy by Identifying Critical Nuggets during Classification of Information?

This paper considers the notion of identifying subsets of critical data instances in data sets. Critical nuggets of information can take the following form during classification tasks: small subsets of data instances that lie very close to the class boundary and are sensitive to small changes in attribute values, such that these small changes result in the switching of classes. Such critical nuggets have an intrinsic worth that far outweighs other subsets of the same data set. In classification tasks, consider a data set that conforms to a certain representation or a classification model. If one were to perturb a few data instances by making small changes to some of their attribute values, the original classification model representing the data set changes. Also, if one were to remove those data instances, the original model could change significantly. The magnitude of changes to the original model provides clues to the criticality of such data instances, as more critical data instances tend to impact the model more significantly than data instances that are comparatively noncritical.