SYNOVIAL CHONDROMATOSIS -A CASE REPORT

BACKGROUND Synovial Chondromatosis is a benign condition involving the synovial lining of joints, synovial sheaths and bursae. The abnormal synovium produces nodules made of cartilage and these break off from the synovium and become loose inside the joint. The knee, hip, shoulder, ankle, elbow and wrist are mainly affected. Involvement of smaller joints has also been reported, which includes distal radioulnar, tibio- fibular, metacarpophalangeal, metatarsophalangeal joint even spine. MATERIALS METHODS This case report includes a 25 year old male with complaints of pain in his right knee for past 6 months associated with right knee swelling and restriction of right knee movements for past 3 months. Clinical and radiological assessment was done. Arthroscopic removal of of all loose bodies thorough joint lavage partial synovectomy was performed. Biopsy was sent for histopathological examination which confirmed synovial chondromatosis. RESULTS The patients clinical symptoms improved postoperatively. Patient had very good pain relief. Knee swelling reduced. Preoperative range of movements increased from 80 deg to 110 deg of flexion postoperatively. His fixed flexion deformity of 15 deg got corrected. CONCLUSION Synovial chondromatosis is the rare and benign metaplasia of the synovial membrane resulting in the formation of multiple intra-articular cartilaginous bodies. It presents as the gradual onset of monoarticular pain and stiffness. If allowed to continue, the slow, progressive symptoms can result in decreased range of motion, effusions, crepitation and eventual locking of the joint. Treatment of synovial chondromatosis is controversial. Options include arthroscopic synovectomy, open synovectomy and loose body removal. Complications of synovial chondromatosis can be secondary osteoarthritis, and recurrence.