Urban Expansion Analysis and Land Use Changes in Rangpur City Corporation Area, Bangladesh, Using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) Techniques

Rangpur City Corporation (RCC) is the main administrative functional area for both of Rangpur City and Rangpur division and experiencing a rapid change in the field of urban sprawl, cultural and physical landscape, and city growth. These agents of Land use/Land cover (LULC) varieties are responsible for multi-dimensional problems such as traffic congestion, waterlogging, and solid waste disposal, loss of agricultural land. In this regard, this study fulfills LULC changes by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) as well as field survey was conducted for the measurement of change detection. The sources of data were Landsat 7 ETM and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS of both C1 levels 1. Then after correcting the data geometrically and radiometrically change detection and combined classification (supervised & unsupervised) were used. The study finds considerable changes for LULC. The findings show that built-up area, water source, agricultural land, bare soil in a change of percentage is 17.23, 2.58, -9.94, -10.19 respectively between 2009 and 2019. Among these changes bare soil is changed to a great extent which indicates the expansion of urban areas is utilizing the land to a proper extent respectively. But these changes also measure the reduction of agricultural land in the context of haphazard urbanization which is risking the term planned urbanization and food security for present and future aspects.